EIS and Knowledge Intensive Companies

When you Invest in an early-stage business it can be risky. However, the Enterprise Investment Scheme (EIS) offers powerful tax reliefs to encourage investment. For EIS and knowledge-intensive companies are even more favourable.These businesses qualify for enhanced limits and extended eligibility, making them particularly attractive to experienced investors, angel investors, and venture capital firms.

This guide explains what knowledge-intensive companies are, how EIS tax relief works, and why this structure is popular with investors in UK start-ups.

EIS and Knowledge Intensive Companies

What are ‘Knowledge Intensive’ companies?

Knowledge Intensive Companies are those that focus heavily on innovation, intellectual property, or research and development. Consequently, these companies must meet specific criteria to qualify. To qualify as knowledge intensive a company must:

  • Spend at least 10% of operating costs on R&D or innovation (15% in some years).
  • Own intellectual property or alternatively create high-level technology.
  • Employ staff with a high level of technical or academic qualifications.
  • Be developing something innovative, new, risky, or disruptive.

EIS and Knowledge Intensive Companies: Key Points for Investors

Compared to standard EIS investments, knowledge-intensive companies benefit from more flexible rules:

  • The annual investment limit increases to £2 million, as long as at least £1 million is in knowledge intensive companies.
  • A company can be up to 10 years old instead of 7 years for standard EIS-qualifying companies.
  • Additionally, a knowledge intensive company can employ up to 500 employees, whereas the limit is 250 for regular EIS companies.

These changes allow investors to deploy larger sums into innovative businesses that require longer development periods before achieving profitability.

Reasons why Knowledge Intensive Companies Attract Top EIS Investors

EIS investing combines tax efficiency with growth potential.

Investors benefit from:

  • Income tax relief on qualifying investments.
  • Capital gains tax exemption on qualifying disposals.
  • Loss relief if the company fails.
  • Exposure to high-growth sectors such as technology, life sciences and clean energy.

Knowledge-intensive companies are particularly appealing because they often operate in fast-moving markets with significant scalability.

As a result, EIS knowledge-intensive companies regularly attract:

  • Angel investors.
  • Venture capital firms.
  • High-net-worth individuals.
  • Family offices.

The combination of innovation, tax relief and growth potential creates a compelling risk-adjusted investment opportunity.

Should You Invest in EIS Knowledge-Intensive Companies?

If you are:

  • Investing in UK start-ups.
  • Seeking tax-efficient investment structures.
  • Looking for long-term capital growth.
  • Comfortable with higher-risk investments.

Then EIS knowledge-intensive companies may be well worth considering. Additionally, Founders can also benefit by accessing larger funding rounds and a wider pool of experienced investors.

Summary

The Enterprise Investment Scheme plays a vital role in funding UK innovation.

For investors, knowledge-intensive companies offer enhanced EIS tax relief, higher investment limits, and access to high-growth industries.

For businesses, the structure makes raising capital easier and more attractive to sophisticated investors.

Understanding how EIS and knowledge-intensive company rules work can unlock significant financial and strategic advantages for both founders and investors.

For more useful information, check out our Ebooks here.

And if you'd like to know how we can help you with all of this, or with anything else, feel free to give us a call on 01202 048696 or email us at [email protected].

Alternatively, please feel free to complete our Business Questionnaire here..

About the author

Richard Baldwyn

I’ll help you legally pay less tax, using insider knowledge gained from my time as a former tax inspector—insight most accountants simply don’t have. More about Richard and the TFA team

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